Tuesday, 30 November 2010

changes to our pop promo

We have had to change our music video date twice now, as firstly there was miss comunication problems via the managers of battersea power station and members of our group and then again due to poor and snowy weather conditions. However the change of date helped us to refine our story boards, we have now decided to only use two cast members instead of ten . Moreover we had to change our leading actor, simon wood as he had an emergency appointment at hospital, thus our star image ha changed as we are now using a much younger man, although the sex appeal is still there as our new actor is young and stereotypically "good looking". Furthermore through changing our leading actor, our music video plot of a female and male relationship seems to be more authentic as the new actor is the same age as our female actress, whereas simon wood was alot older then our actress, Paula. The organsistaion for Battersea power station was extremelly hard to keep up with, we have had to hire a porter toilet, two securtiy guards and various clothing, such as high vis jackets, buliding hats and steel toe cap boots. However some members of our group were lucky enough to look at our location in a helicopter , and take shots of the whole space that we are using inside the station. Moreover by looking at the location from air , we were able to decide which parts we actually want to film as the area is the equivillant of fourteen football pitches, 15 acres. We now have a completely different feel for the video. The inconviniences that occured proved to be positive. Although we had to change our date we also have an extended deadline for the editing, as we our filming next week, which is the last shoot of the entire year.

Friday, 12 November 2010

cast list

Paula
sam
kramer
tony whoo
hamish musker
elle
lillie resta
daisy jenks
ellie sams
hector mcalister
charlie lindsay

prodution team

catrina kirby
cate hoare
james burk
ellie mcgreggor

props list

Handcuffs
Chains
Cowboy hat
Guitar
Cigarettes (fake or real)
Short black dresses (girls) x3
Tight ripped jeans (boys) x5
Fake blood
Smoke machine (for passage singer walks through)
Light (to hang)

Wednesday, 3 November 2010

Our Location



We chose Battersea power station as there is plenty of space for us to film there, moreover the station inside has not been maintined properly and therefore this creates a synical and slighty opressive atmosphere, which is what we want for our music video. We are lucky enough to secure battersea power station as a location, as a girl in my group called Cate has connections with the owners. Moreover Battersea power station will reveal the modernn and unique style that we are aiming to create in are music video as it goes against the stereotypical desert/open space/farmlike locations that many country western vidoes use.


map of location




Keith Negus

The Ideologies of the Music Industry


“What I’m looking for is the working act. The real act. The act that can get up on stage and do it. That act will give you a career. I singed Black Sabbath umpteen years ago; they are still making records. These are acts that are career acts… two years ago I started a dance label… now that’s not a career orientated label. I mean those record are one-off situation and every now and again you’ll maybe get an artist come out of it.

When I first started it was more about going out and finding bands. That method is become more and more redundant. More and more these days I find it’s as much about: I sit here and think ‘there’s really a gap in the market for this kind of project…’ I don’t go out to gigs. That’s not how I find my stuff. So if a writer comes in he may have some great songs and maybe is looking for a front person. Or maybe I have the front person who I want to launch into the market but I haven’t got the songs. So I put the two together”

Ideologies of Creativity


•Keith Negus – producing Pop•Identifies two distinct ways of thinking about potential artists from within the music industry.•These ideologies shape the way in which the artists’ images and careers are developed , and the way that they are marketed towards specific target audiences•The organic ideology of creativity and the synthetic ideology of creativity
The Organic Ideology of Creativity 1


•The ‘naturalistic’ approach to artists•The seeds of success are within the artists, who have been ‘nurtured’ by the record company•The image of the artist is ‘enhanced’ by the record company•The artist is given time to evolve and progress through their career

The Organic Ideology of Creativity 2


•Emphasis is given to album sales and the construction of a successful back catalogue•Often aimed at older or more sophisticated consumers•Profits generated by this kind of act tend to be part of a long term strategy by the record company.
The Synthetic Ideology of Creativity 1


•A combinatorial approach to artists and material •Executives attempt to construct successful acts out of the artists and the songs at their disposal•The image of the artist is often constructed by the record company•The artist will be given a short time to prove their success before other combinations will be tried out.
The Synthetic Ideology of Creativity 2


•Emphasis is given to single sales and to promoting first albums•Often aimed at younger, less sophisticated audiences.•Profits generated by this kind of artist tend to be part of an immediate, short term strategy by the record company
Balancing the two


•In practice, the success of synthetic acts will fund the development and investment in organic acts•Most big record labels will look to balance their roster with a combination of successful synthetic and organic acts to ensure that there are finds available for the day-to-day running of the company as well as long term profit making potential.
Promoting Organic and Synthetic Acts


•There are clear distinctions between the ways in which different types of artist are represented to ensure short term or long term success•Organic acts are often sold on their ‘authenticity’, both musically and socially.•The image of the artist appears ‘unconstructed’(although, of course, this is in itself a carefully constructed look)•Synthetic acts are often sold on their ‘look’ or personalities•The image of the artist is carefully and unashamedly constructed.

Stars and Stardom - Richard Dyer

• In order to understand the relationship between the music industry and its audiences, it is important to consider the role of music star

• The term ‘star’ refers to the semi-mythological set of meaning constructed around music performers in order to sell the performer to a large and loyal audience


Some Common Values of Music Stardom
• Youthfulness
• Rebellion
• Sex magnetism
• An anti-authoritarian attitude
• Originality
• Creativity/talent
• Aggression/anger
• A disregard for social values relating to drugs, sex and polite behaviour
• Conspicuous consumption, of sex drugs and material goods
• Success against the odds

Richard Dyer

• Dyer has written extensively about the role of stars in film, TV and music.
• Irrespective of the medium, stars have some key features in common:
• A star is an image, not a real person, this is constructed(as any other aspect of fiction is)out of a range of material (e.g. advertising, magazines etc as well as films music)
• Stars as commodities produced and consumed on the strength of their meanings

• Stars depend upon a range of subsidiary media- magazine, TV, radio, the internet – in order to construct an image is made up of a range of meanings which are attractive to the target audiences.

• Fundamentally, the star image is incoherent, that is incomplete and ‘open’. Dyer says that this is because it is based upon two key paradoxes.

Paradox 1
• The star must be simultaneously ordinary and extraordinary for the consumer

Paradox 2
• The star must be simultaneously present and absent for the consumer.

The star Image
• The incoherence of the star image ensures that audiences continually strive to ‘complete’ or to ‘make sense’ of the image.
• This is achieved by continued consumption of the star through his or her products
• In the music industry, performance seems to promise the completion of the image, but it is always ultimately unsatisfying
• This means that fans will go away determined to continue consuming the star in order to carry on attempting to complete their image.
• Finally, the star image can be used to position the consumer in relation to dominant social values (that is hegemony).
• Depending upon the artist, this may mean that the audience are positioned against the mainstream (though only to a limited degree, since they are still consumers within a capitalist system) or within the mainstream, or somewhere in between.

Monday, 18 October 2010

Construction of the animatic

We used a new sonny mpeg2 sd nxcam, that was positioned on a tripod to stabilise the shots and film our paper story boards, we did this so we could transfer this onto final cut pro, the camera is a hard disk, therefore there is no tape involved and we can download this on the computer super fast. It took half an hour to shoot everything, but ten seconds per a shot. Once this was done, we then uploaded the shots onto final cut pro and started to cut the shots to the track. However the track was too long so we had to cut the track, after few trial and errors, we managed to finish the cut sounds making sure the track was clear of any errors .We went through the track and decided what the best time was to cut between shots- making note of key rhythms that will help make editing easier. Throughout the track we used markers to ensure we knew where everything was, thus would make editing easier. Becoming involved with editing has broadened my understandings of the media technology that is a necessity that has to be used. However again we had to elongate and cut shots in order to fit the music in and also reflect the mood of the music. This is important due to the fact that we were telling part of a story in our video.

Story boarding process

When we initially started our story boards, we started drawing many of the images with our first ideas and themes. we constructed our story boards, to convey the various ideas that we had for our music video.

Our first story board had many images of fire, as we wanted to use the fire as metaphor and a dramatisation of emotion in the artists mind. However due to major health risks we could not use this idea moreover we wanted to use the fire to burn down an old house, however this was extremelly difficult as to create fire and find a location where we could actually burn down a house was a little unrealisic, we found out that we would actually have to have a fire engine on standbye.

We put our heads together and came to an agreement. We drew up a new story bored to reveal our new ideas. We also thought of using a helicopter to further break away from a rather old country western style, however we came to understand that the expense and reality of using a helicopter was out of the question, we wanted to use the helicopter to symbolise a turn into the new modern world we live in today, thus breakingaway from the sterotypes.

Moreover we thought of using scarecrows to create a synical atmosphere in our music video, however we did not all agree as making a scarecrows look realisic and alive was very hard, furthermore scarecrows are often associated with country western styled music videos, thus we want to move away from this. Furthermore the scarecrow was to sepcific to the horror genre and we didnt want to alienate are audience, our references on you tube were also really extreme
and therfore we did not think we could pull of the right look without making it comical.
Below are some of the initial ideas.








Each of us had different ideas and enterpretations on what we wanted for the music video at times it was difficult as i thought we had a few extremelly creative ideas. However we came together as a group and decided that we need to come to an agreement, the story boarding process took alot longer then expected, i struggled at some moments as im not the best drawer, although i promoted our final idea that we all came to agree on.

Our new ideas where extremely imaginitive, yet a little excentric, we decided to use people on chaines that were entrapt and felt imprisoned, thus symbolises the corruption of society and is a meataphor for the demons in the leading singers head. There are shots on the story board that show the lead singer chasing after his lover, his "black heart" is broken and this is shown throughout our music video through the shots and images of the leading artist looking depressed and heart broken. The actors and actresses are chained to various parts of battersea power station, the people look decrepide, lost, dirty, aniamlistic and depressed, which creates an opressive yet rather indeering atmosphere, we see so many of the same music videos and ours really is different in terms of location and the atmosphere is a little emotional and uncomfortable and a rather dark take on country western music. Therefore Ithink our video stands out and is diverse thus making it rather attractive to the audience.

We are trying to break away from the typical country western style, therefore using our ideas that are revealed on our finished story boards, show a unique and diverse vision that is like no other country western music video. We decided to shoot our music video in Battersea power station, which further breaks away from the typical farm or desert setting. Our concluded story board shows varies shots of the "goblin" humans and shots of a man, our leading actor and singer in great pain through his first love, he is heart broken and has gone mad from this, which is shown through the meataphors of the decrepid humans and the entrapment through the chains .

Monday, 27 September 2010

Friday, 10 September 2010

copywright letter to label

To the copyright holder



We are a group of A Level students working on an A Level project for a qualification in Media Studies. We are writing to request permission to use the following track as part of this project:



Black Heart by Calexico



With your permission the track would be used as the accompaniment to a short form video that is made purely for assessment purposes and will have no commercial usage. The video will be viewed only by members of the school community and the assessor of the examination board.



The artist and the copyright holder will of course be fully recognised in the pre-production and evaluation material that accompanies the project. We can also include a full copyright notice if required both in the planning material and on the video itself.



Yours sincerely





catrina kirby

Hurtwood House School

chosen cover track

our target audience

our record label






Our chosen record label is Touch and Go Records which is an independent record label based in america. Touch and Go Records started in 1980. In early 1981, Touch and Go Records was officially born. Corey Rusk, for the first couple years of Touch and Go Records' life, ran the business part of it from his bedroom in his grandmother's house in Ohio, and Tesco Vee ran the promotional part of it from his apartment in Michigan. Then Tesco moved to Washington DC, leaving the label in Corey's hands.Touch and Go began to move beyond the hardcore genre, while also increasing the frequency of its release schedule. Releases during this time period included albums from Die Kreuzen, Big Black, Killdozer and many others. In 1990, Touch and Go began to provide manufacturing and distribution services for other independent labels who shared similar ideals. Over the past 15 years, Touch and Go is proud to have provided manufacturing and distribution services for such influential labels. In keeping with 1990 being a pivotal year, Quarterstick Records, Touch and Go's "sister label," came into being, releasingmany successful albums. Since its inception, Quarterstick has developed its own individual, eclectic identity through the releases of groups such as the Bad Livers and Calexico.

institutional context

1. What is the history of the band?

The band is a new band and is only 2 years old, thus the band is new in the scale of things however having been around long enough to break away from stereotypical conventions. The band came together in Nashville however the band moved to Austin, Texas where they performed in the South by South west music festival. The music festival discovers big bands and promotes them and makes them better known. The band has broken away from the stereotypical country western genre. The atmosphere of the band that has been created is a rather sinister, heavy and dark one due to their lyrics and the tones they use in many of their songs.

2. What genre(s) of music do the band/ artist fit into

The band fit into a country western genre however a modernised country western thus they break away from stereotypes of old southern musicians.The band relates to other country western artists such as Jerrod Niemann George Strait, Blake Shelton. The band creates a modern version of country, so with this, their modern look will help their star image. Becoming modern opens up a target audience for the band as certain types of old country is for a very niche audience, however by modernising their music the band can further the range of people they target into a larger audience.

3. What record label are the band/ artist signed to?

Touch and Go Records is an independent record label based in Chicago, Illinois, USA. After its genesis as a hand-made fanzine in 1979, it grew into one of the key record labels in the American 1980s alternative and underground rock scenes, Touch & Go carved out a reputation for releasing adventurous noise rock by the likes of the Big Black and The Jesus Lizard
.4.
Who are the band's audiences?

The audience would be about 20-30 or 50 plus because the country western is modernised younger people may be interested. Peple who are interested in country/folk/indie country

5. What kind of visual images has the act/band created for themselves?

Initial ideas

For our music video this year we intially decided to have country western as our genre, one of our group members also had the idea of modern jazz ,however after putting our heads together we finalised are decision to do country and western yet with an edge of modern style to it. We all thought of various ways to break away from the sterotypes of country western music as we are modernising it slightly. we thought of initially using fire and a burning house to dramatise our video. we also wanted to create a sinister type atmosphere. we looked at numerous country western artists and below are some images of people we thought of using such as ryan adams calexico and kieth urban.





All four of us came up with various ideas as a genre and theme to our music video. even though we ened up with country western there were some other fantastic ideas. cate hoare, a member of our group thought of heavy death metal as a genre the band she proposed to us was called man of war below is an image of teh heavy death metal band.









Another member of the group called ellie came up with an old school jazz theme yet with a modern twist. Ellie used the shirelles as an example









Our production group

our producton group consists of myself,
catrina kirby
cate hoare
james burke
ellie mcgreggor
and assistance from matt and luke

conventions of the album artwork

Conventions of the video promo

Conventions of pop promo
Common Generic Conventions of Popular Music Promo Videos

Although pop video is fairly freeform generically and artistically it still employs several common conventions.

These include…

 The explicit and unashamed promotion of the artist’s “image” (aesthetic/generic/ideological) as a specific product with a brand identity, ready for mass consumption
 The featuring of the artist (almost without exception)
 A wide and extensive use of shot types, camera angles and movement
Repetition of reoccurring thematic elements and generically specific iconography (one key element often being dominant and providing the skeletal structure for the promo)
A possible narrative structure
A possible performance element
The flexibility to disregard Realism
Shots cut tightly to the beat of the track
A carefully constructed Mise en Scene appropriate to the content and tone of the track


 High impact instantly! (Don’t forget that competition for airplay on the main music channel outlets is intense)
As music journalist Annabelle Jankell said, “You have three and a half minutes to make an instant impact on people’s eyeballs, instantly!”

background to the music industry

Background to music industry

• Dominated by 4 transnational corporations
– Universal
– BMG
– Warner Bros
– Sony/EMI
• Known as ‘The Majors’

• Most majors also own, or licence, a string of smaller subsidiary companies in order to reach different kinds of audiences in different kinds of genre

• These companies are known as ‘major-independents’

• Finally, there are a huge number of small companies with little or no financial connection to the majors
• These companies often concentrate on a small number of artists, within specialised niches in the industry
• Known as ‘independents’

• It is misleading to see the industry simply as a ‘hierarchy’, dominated by the majors
• A better description is a ‘web’ of companies, whose connections allow:
– smaller companies to gain access to bigger markets
– bigger companies to gain access to new artists and movements in popular music

In turn, most record companies organise themselves internally into several key areas:
– Artists and Repertoire (A&R)
– Marketing/Artist Development
– Promotions
– Legal
– Financial

• The industry as a whole has a complex relationship with a number of different media

• Radio, TV, Print media, Film, New Media

• Synergy and symbiosisMedia video

Expansion of background to music industry

 Musical taste can be a controversial topic- almost to the point of tribalism.

 It is contentious because it defines and often signifies personality and lifestyle. Musical taste is about the way you dress, speak and sometimes act.


 However, all commentators agree that Music and its trends - sit at the epicentre of popular culture.

 Not only to the extent that an individual can derive a sense of identity but to the extent the global community can be changed by Musical Trends

Key tensions

 It is this ‘dynamic tension’ that exists between the artistic and commercial forces of underpins the success of this vast media business.

 A tension between the organic and synthetic

 Another feature to consider is the music industry ‘synergetic connections’ with other media forms – this codependence with other media means that a ‘mutual reliance’ can be productive and but also risky.

Friday, 26 March 2010

Basic camera shots and composition

basic camera shots and composition

common types of shots

EWS (Extreme Wide Shot)The view is so far from the subject that she isn't even visible. This is often used as an establishing shot.
VWS (Very Wide Shot)The subject is visible (barely), but the emphasis is still on placing her in her environment.
WS (Wide Shot)The subject takes up the full frame, or at least as much as possible. The same as a long shot.
MS (Mid Shot)Shows some part of the subject in more detail whilst still giving an impression of the whole subject.
MCU (Medium Close Up)Half way between a MS and a CU.
CU (Close Up)A certain feature or part of the subject takes up the whole frame.
ECU (Extreme Close Up)The ECU gets right in and shows extreme detail.
CA (Cutaway)A shot of something other than the current action.
Cut-InShows some part of the subject in detail.
Two-ShotA comfortable shot of two people, framed similarly to a mid shot.
(OSS) Over-the-Shoulder ShotLooking from behind a person at the subject.
Noddy ShotUsually refers to a shot of the interviewer listening and reacting to the subject, although noddies can be used in drama and other situations.
Point-of-View Shot (POV)Shows a view from the subject's perspective.
Weather ShotThe subject is the weather, usually the sky. Can be used for other purposes.


Composition:
Photography brings a visual language that is universal and generally most people can understand. It meaning consists of shapes, textures, patterns, lines, colours, shade of light to dark and sharp to blurry images. photographs are to convey their meaning clearly and vividly.
Composition means arrangement: the orderly putting together of parts to make a unified whole; composition through a personal, intuitive act. However, there are basic principles that govern the way visual elements behave and interact when you combine them inside the four borders of a photograph. Once we have sharpened our vision and grasped these basic ideas of principles, then we will have the potential for making our photographs more exciting and effective than ever before.

Intro to camera skills


wide shot




over the shoulder shot




cut away


extreme close up


close up

INTRO TO STILLS CAMERA
A still camera is the type of camera that is used to take still photographs. It captures light on to photographic film. To create a good picture you should be aware of different topics. Hotspot, Zoom, Focus, Angle and Light. These are all factors of leading the eye. Like the hotspots. They lead you to the point you should looking at in a chronological order. Focus and Zoom also create a similar effect e.g. focus is very important because can put thinks that we are interested in in focus and the other parts out of focus so that leads our gain to the dominant object in the frame. Angle shows us what status the object or person has that is in the frame. Light creates a mood and feeling (soft light-show the person or object in a beautiful or softer way; hard light-shows every thing in a harder an rough way often used in pictures that should create a dangerous or dramatic atmosphere
Different shot lead the attention of the audience to different points in the picture.










Intro to video camera.

We had an introduction to the basic video camera functions. We learnt how to focus, zoom, set up the camera, set up the tripod, install the battery, and install the sound recorder. To install the battery you need to get the battery and slide it into the battery compartment until it clicks. To focus the image in the camera you need to adjust the ring on the end of the camera, the focusing ring is next to the zoom ring. You need to turn the ring either clockwise or anticlockwise until the image through the viewfinder/screen is clear precise and in focus. To install the sound recorder you need to connect the wire to the AV1 socket and screw it in to the holder. To zoom the camera in or out there are two ways this can be done. There is either the zoom button which is directly in front of your hand if you’re holding the camera. There is also the zoom ring on the end of the camera, next to the focus ring. Setting up the tripod correctly is a fundamental part of filming. To set up the tripod correctly you must "bubble" it. "Bubbling" the tripod means to get the bubble on the top of the tripod in the center of the ring. The bubble is in a spirit level on the top of the tripod and the ring in printed on the top of the Perspex covering. You must also make sure you connect the "pan handle" correctly, this is basically a handle to the left of the tripod, and this handle enables you to pain the tripod left or right. Then you must attach the camera to the tripod, you need to slide the camera on to the tripod and it will click, this is how you know the camera is attached correctly.

Continuity editing.

Continuity editing

Continuity editing is the predominant style of editing in narrative cinema and television. The purpose of continuity editing is to smooth over the inherent discontinuity of the editing process and to establish a logical coherence between shots.
Basically, to ensure that the selected shots are put together in an order that makes sense to the audience – so that they can follow the story as clearly as possible.
In most films, logical coherence is achieved by cutting to continuity, which emphasizes smooth transition of time and space. However, some films incorporate cutting to continuity into a more complex classical cutting technique, one which also tries to show psychological continuity of shots. The montage technique relies on symbolic association of ideas between shots rather than association of simple physical action for its continuity.
Common techniques of continuity editing
Continuity editing can be divided into two categories: temporal continuity and spatial continuity – literally TIME and SPACE. Within each category, specific techniques can either promote or work against a sense of continuity. In other words, techniques can cause a passage to be continuous, giving the viewer a concrete physical narration to follow, or discontinuous, causing viewer disorientation, pondering, or even subliminal interpretation or reaction, as in the Soviet montage style.
The important ways to preserve temporal continuity are avoiding the ellipsis, using continuous diegetic sound, and utilizing the match on action technique.
An ellipsis is an apparent break in natural time continuity as it is implied in the film's story. The simplest way to maintain temporal continuity is to shoot and use all action involved in the story's supposed duration whether it be pertinent or not.
It would also be necessary to shoot the whole film in one take in order to keep from having to edit together different shots, causing the viewer's temporal disorientation.
However in a story which is to occupy many hours, days, or years, a viewer would have to spend too long watching the film. So although in many cases the ellipsis would prove necessary, elimination of it altogether would best preserve any film's temporal continuity.
Diegetic sound is that which is to have actually occurred within the story during the action being viewed. It is sound that comes from within the narrative world of a film (including off-screen sound).
Continuous diegetic sound helps to smooth temporally questionable cuts by overlapping the shots. Here the logic is that if a sonic occurrence within the action of the scene has no breaks in time, then it would be impossible for the scene and its corresponding visuals to be anything but temporally continuous.
Match on action technique can preserve temporal continuity where there is a uniform, unrepeated physical motion or change within a passage. A match on action is when some action occurring before the temporally questionable cut is picked up where the cut left it by the shot immediately following. For example, a shot of someone tossing a ball can be edited to show two different views, while maintaining temporal continuity by being sure that the second shot shows the arm of the subject in the same stage of its motion as it was left when cutting from the first shot.
Temporal discontinuity can be expressed by the deliberate use of ellipses. Cutting techniques useful in showing the nature of the specific ellipses are the dissolve and the fade. Other editing styles can show a reversal of time or even an abandonment of it altogether. These are the flashback and the montage techniques, respectively.
By use of the dissolve and the fade, one can show the relative duration of ellipses. A fade out is a gradual transformation of an image to black; whereas a fade in is the opposite. A dissolve is a simultaneous fade-out of the shot being cut from, and fade-in of the shot being cut to. The dissolve can be said to show a short ellipsis; whereas a fade-out means a long one.
The flashback is a reversal of time within a story, or more accurately, a window through which the viewer can see what happened at a time before the time considered to be the story present. A flashback makes its time-frame evident only through the scene's action. For example, if after viewing a grown man in the story present, a cut to a young boy being addressed by the man's name occurs, the viewer can assume that the young boy scene depicts a time previous to the story present. The young boy scene would be a flashback.
The montage technique is one that implies no real temporal continuity whatsoever. Montage is achieved with a collection of symbolically related images, cut together in a way that suggests psychological relationships rather a temporal continuum.
Just as important as temporal continuity to overall continuity of a film is spatial continuity. And like temporal continuity, it can be achieved a number of ways: the establishing shot, the 180 degree rule, the eyeline match, and match on action.
The establishing shot is one that provides a view of all the space in which the action is occurring. Its theory is that it is difficult for a viewer to become disoriented when all the story space is presented before him. The establishing shot can be used at any time as a reestablishing shot. This might be necessary when a complex sequence of cuts may have served to disorient the viewer.
One way of preventing viewer disorientation in editing is to adhere to the 180 degree rule. The rule prevents the camera from crossing the imaginary line connecting the subjects of the shot. Another method is the eyeline match. When shooting a human subject, he or she can look towards the next subject to be cut to, thereby using the former's self as a reference for the viewer to use while locating the new subject within the set.
With the establishing shot, 180 degree rule, eyeline match, and the previously discussed match on action, spatial continuity is attainable; however, if wishing to convey a disjointed space, or spatial discontinuity, aside from purposefully contradicting the continuity tools, one can take advantage of crosscutting and the jump cut Cross-cutting is a technique which conveys an undeniable spatial discontinuity. It can be achieved by cutting back and forth between shots of spatially unrelated places. In these cases, the viewer will understand clearly that the places are supposed to be separate and parallel. So in that sense, the viewer may not become particularly disoriented, but under the principle of spatial continuity editing, crosscutting is considered a technique of spatial discontinuity.
The jump cut is undoubtedly a device of disorientation. The jump cut is a cut between two shots that are so similar that a noticeable jump in the image occurs. The 30 degree rule was formulated for the purpose of eliminating jump cuts. The 30 degree rule requires that no edit should join two shots whose camera viewpoints are less than 30 degrees from one another.

Story boarding



One of the key aspects of Film-making is the ability to follow and interpret storyboards.

These help you to understand the Director's intentions as a camera operator (where to place the camera), as a Cinematographer (looking at lighting sources etc) and as a basic way of understanding what locations and shots are needed to get the desired effect.


One of the key areas in which all modern films plan is the big budget stunt sequences. Often these are devised using clever computer animation packages commonly referred to as
Pre-viz but often enough the first plans are drawn up using traditional storyboards -

Account of shooting preliminary task.


i filmed my prelim task in a empty room at my school hurtwood house. There was nothing in the room which gave us lots of space for the equipment.the location worked well as it was quiet and empty there was a door as a prop and a chair which was perfect as that was all we needed, we kept it incredibly simple as the task was rather simple. my role was director and i directed our two charachters and shoute "stand bye" "rolling" "action" this was my first time taking the role of a director i found it extremelly exciting.

The lighting we used was very bright it was very simple lighting and there was nothing to complex. The bright light was effective to the scene it made the scene over exposed and sharp.

When we where filming we needed to ensure the camera was set up properly. We made sure we bubbled the tripod and that the tripod was level in each shot. We checked each shot was framed correctly each time and made sure the lighting and equipment was not in shot at all. We used appropriate angles for each shot. We used basic angles and used close ups, wide shot, long shots and over the shoulder shots to make our piece more interesting and therefore effective. We were given a set story board with each shot we needed therefore we shot all the mid shots, over the shoulder shots close ups and long shots all at the same time. We had to conform to the 180 degree rule to ensure we did not break it. As I was director I had to remember to use the correct terminology such as "stand bye" "rolling" "action".

From the prelim task that I was set I learnt a lot about practical film making. I learnt how to direct a small set and i learnt how to use and set up a video camera moreover I learnt how different lighting can effect a sequence and how lighting makes a huge difference. I also learnt how continuity is extremely difficult and how actors must always behave in the same way on screen for each shot.

Horror poster.

This image was created in addition to make its audience feel frightened , scared , horrified yet intrigued and interested. The title "eaters" is meant to provoke the audience to feel uncomfortable, a little shocked but eager to look into as it is a horrifying image the name is meant to emphasize this and create drama. The head that has been eaten through and rotted away was an image taken from the as study group and it is infact a person at Hurtwood. The image was created to entertain people in a thrilling way the use of red colors was created to emphasize’s blood and hell all death like features. The rotted faces are representing decay and death which furthers horror and creates more drama i positioned the faces in the center to draw more attention to the image and show how significant the eroded faces are. The circle of the face symbolizes the circle of life and the horrors some people have to go through.

The shot was originally an extreme close up

What is a horror?

What is a horror film?

Here are some personal points that people may encounter in a horror film. The audiences own identification with fears of terrors of the narrative. Fear of the other evil monster or person in the darkness or behind doors etc. Fear of the body being ripped or mutilated. Our own personal boundaries being transgressed. Emergence of terror at any level being enjoyed from a safe/vicarious distance.

ideological: The implicit or explicit messages embedded within the narrative. Themes of punishment, rejection and or revulsion at subjects which deviate from correct thinking. from simplistic or basic messages.

in our modern understanding of fear we rationalize the supernatural and defeat it with psychology rather than Latin chants.

Modern media creates demons by crusading against sections of society and labeling them.

My thriller idea and other thriller ideas not used.

music of revenge :thriller and other thriller ideas not used

This story is about a girl and boy who were both blessed with great talent which singled them out and made them special in comparison to the average human. Both humans were able to play the piano with such talent at such young ages, they played with grace and beauty that drove their audiences wild.

However they both wanted to determine who the better player was. The girl was voted most creative and the boy felt jealous and angry as in the public eye she was a better piano player. The girl suggested they should have a competition to see who was the more talented player. In anger and envy the boy agreed.

They both shared a great passionate love for music, something that few people could relate to as it took over both their lives and it was what they lived for.

The boy with deep pressure and stress goes slightly mad and kills the girl before the competition as the chance of losing was unacceptable for him and he did not want to be known as a failure. The girl’s spirit lingers over the boy for months he feels the presence but never really acknowledges it. The boy of course is now classified as the world’s most talented piano player. The pain that the girl feels as a ghost is excruciating and she despises the boy as he stole her passion and fame through death.

She haunts him and decides he will pay for his sins, she kills him. The girl comes behind the boy in a practice room she strangles him and shuts his head inside the piano, she then plays the piano that his blood is covered with and has a content look upon her face.






some other thriller ideas …..The main character sits opposite her twin sister, suddenly the lights go out and something holds her back and parralises her but theres nobody touching her or in sight. When the lights come back on and she is able to move, her twin sister is hanging in front of her..situated in a play roomOran ex boyfriend stalks his beautiful ex girlfriend and has intentions to torture her as she dumped him and broke his heart for another guy. The girl has run away to the country side and believes she will be safe there however her ex works for the CIA and gets hold of gadgets easily he tracks her down and takes advantage of her isolation her friend who came with her to the country was missing and a horrible smell is smelt under the bed



Title retribution
•Key character: ex sico heartbroken stalker boyfriend: Dominic
•The exceedingly beautiful blonde girl called kitty
•Stalker Dominic takes advantage of scared kitty as she is in isolated country side, she is first aware when she smells a strange horrific smell she looks under the bed and its her best friend who came with her dead circled with blood she looks over towards the door and a heart with a picture of kitty is stuck on with the blood of her best friend
•Takes place in the deep isolated country side
•Dominic does it as he was obsest and heart broken over his girlfriend he wants revenge and he becomes deranged and deadly, dominic has family history of mental illness which can only be kicked of with an immense amount of sadness and stress



Act 1
•Dominic and kitty where high school sweethearts, both very popular and very well behaved. Dominic went on to working for the CIA and kitty decided her feelings were not as strong as they used to be all those years ago.
•Dominic came home fro m work and kitty explained to him how she did not love him anymore, she knew he would re act badly but not as badly as he did. Dominic begged her and forced her to stay locking every door and securing every exit possible, in fear kitty smashed the downstairs window in the middle of the night and escaped to her best friends house down the road. She ran covered in mud in her night down to her best friends house who happened to be a neighbor she escaped with her best friend d and decided she would be safe in the deep country side however Dominic was clever and had access to gadgets and tracking devices through his work. Kitty drives the next day to the supermarket to get food for her and her friend when she arrives back she smells a strange strong disgusting smell that is coming from under the bed she slowly looks under and its her best friend suddenly she looks over at the door and she sees her picture that Dominic took of her pinned up covered in blood.

The situation going from bad to worse act 2
•Kitty is dripping in cold sweat with a look of shock painted across her face after encountering the smell of death and the image of her best friend dead underneath the bed covered in blood was imprinted in her mind. Dominic and kitties best friend Chloe were also very close Dominic and Chloe were as close as brother and sister which made the situation stranger and more terrifying for kitty as he has the strength to kill someone so close to him. The grief of Chloe did not start as the shock and terror held it back. kitty wanted to get out of the house as she assumed Dominic was inside the house.
•Kitty runs outside in a panic to get far away however she slams the door which creates a loud noise and therefore indicates to Dominic her location in panic kitty trips on a branch, footsteps can be herd from behind her she gets up and screams as her hair is pulled back and she is pushed onto the ground
•A quick glance of the blooded axe makes kitty think quickly. Thousands of ideas in kitties head were making here look more and more panicked her white face, torn clothes with mud and dirt Stains dramatizes this scene. She slowly knowing she is in the presence of Dominic reaches for her phone as she hears the footsteps she knows she can not run an idea sprung to her mind.


Act 3
•Kitty is in a state of terror and shock she slowly looks up and meets her eyes with Dominic. He looks down at her with a loving yet guilt and sorrowful look upon his face. Dominic looks at the axe and then again at kitty, Dominic suddenly lifts his arm up with the axe and utters “I am sorry if you are not with me you can not be with anyone”
• kitty yelps, cries and begs for him back telling him how much she loves him, she told him that it was a mistake breaking up with him demanding a divorce and she said she will love him forever for she knew it was her only hope of survival. He surprisingly throws the axe beside her and embraces her in his arms, squeezing her a little to tightly, suddenly kitty grabs the axe and hacks him down with her eyes shut. Dominic dies and kitty calls the ambulance and police once she gets in range.


film’s USP
•This film is different from others because it is a husband and wife who were happily married who were fortunate enough to live a luxurious life style their life changed dramatically from normality and happiness to a sudden psychotic death chase. Dominic did not have any track record and was a naturally calm and understanding, level headed man.
•This film contains gore and suspense and ensures the audience to have a thrilling experience.
•An audience will expect the film to be edgy, filled with terror, tension, thrill and suspense. An audience also wants the evil murderer to die or be locked up in the end, as it creates a sense of reassurance in reality

Logging our shots.

Logging our shots

We selected the appropriate shots from the various takes of each angle. We set up a log bin, we did this by creating a new folder called log bin we transferred all the best shots into the log bin and rejecting and deleting all the unwanted poor shots. Selecting and rejecting the different shot choices is important as we wanted to get the best quality and most effective and accurate shots as we possible could therefore in order to do this we deleted all unwanted shots, and kept the best fit for our scene to ensure it is effective.

Organizing our shots

We worked from a story board which enabled our shots to be organized and it guided us to take the shots in the most possible organized way, the shots in the story board were selected to tell the story in the best way. The character who is given the majority of screen time or privileged with the close ups is significant towards the audience as it enables the audience to have there views on the character and can decide essentially "whos side" they are on.

Shot order

Certain shots need to appear in order for the story to make sense it also controls the story information.

Account of research sources

When deciding what our final thriller idea should be we looked on the internet and looked at newspapers and films that we studied in the past. The idea of music of revenge was taken from various different sources. I read the news paper and read an article about famous musicians then it began to click I looked at ghostly images on the internet and wanted to have a quirky and different idea to differentiate our group from everyone else. We had a few shot ideas from various films we have studied and also realized the effect that sound and music can have on a thriller film therefore taking a few ideas from past films and the internet.

My target audience.

Generally horror films target the younger generations, especially teenage boys as they seem to get a thrill from the suspense and terror that horror films produce. Teenage boys seem to have to prove a point to society and themselves that nothing scares them and horror films are a way of showing this. Therefore our targeted audience is teenagers, mainly boys. Our actress is a teenager and therefore the audience can relate to the younger generation and the suspense and horror is aimed at younger people to give them the adrenaline they ask for when watching a horror film. The film is targeted at all classes as the opening sequence is filmed in a traditional English boarding school therefore attracting all people that comprehend with this type of atmosphere.

What kind of instatution would produce my film?


Fox Searchlight Pictures is a film division of 20th Century Fox , established in 1994. It specialises in indie (independant) and British films, alongside dramedy and horror, and is variously involved with the production and/or distribution of these films.In the early-to-mid 1980s, prior to the creation of Searchlight, Fox previously released independent films under the banner of 20th Century-Fox International Classics; the most notable of the releases under this banner include Bill Cosby: Himself, Reuben, Reuben, and Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars.


Fox Searchlight's Slum dog Millionaire won the Academy Award for Best Picture at the 81st Academy Awards as well as a further 7 academy awards. Other Fox Searchlight films receiving Best Picture nominations include The Full Monty, Sideways, Little Miss Sunshine and Juno. Because all these films are clever and trying to also give the audience a message we thought our ambitious film would suit Fox Searchlight. Additionally, they produce Low Budget films that are good quality and being backed by Fox they also have the finance to successfully market, advertise and distribute films to a larger audience than the niche audience that would see a film if it was on a smaller completely independent label. Although our film is Horror we would like to appeal to larger target audience than just small scale fans of low budget horror films.

music of revenge idea

This idea was taken from myself, i thought it was slightly quirky and different. There are three people in our group : Josh Gorman , myself Catrina Kirby and Nurit hirschfeld. However four jobs have been allocated for the shoot. The jobs consist off a director, a producer, a sound engineer and a costume and set designer. As there are only three in our group we will all put in work and share the role of the sound engineer. my role and job is the director.

Account of props

The first and most important prop in my opinion was the costume of our actress and the make up. A white washed out feminine dressed was used for our actress this was perfect as it created a ghostly figure and added a huge sense of realism, the style of the dress was slightly old fashioned which furthered the realism as a modern day dress would not have the same effect. The make up we used was very whit and pale for the face and Smokey black for the eyes which also worked extremely well. We used a computer as a prop and lights this worked well as it revealed how evil can interfere with technology. These where the only props used as we tried to keep it as natural as possible to increase the realism.


The costuming for the shoot was fairly basic. We had decided that in order to portray a very ghostly look that our main character (the ghost girl) would just be dressed in a white floaty dress we agreed this costume would be best for her to portray her ghostly-ness, she also had her hair back brushed to make her
Ghost like. Our other characters (the girl in the bedroom) was dressed in normal clothes although she was dressed in all black this was challenging the stereotype of good person white clothing, bad person black clothing. We did this because we wanted her to look as natural as possible, and we figured this was the best way to do it. The second person (man at reception) we had asked to also dress as if he was going to work, the reasons for doing this were the same as the previous character, and we wanted him to look as natural as possible.

Account of shooting day

The pictures below reveal the sense of the atmosphere that lurked around us on the shooting day. Moreover the pictures show what was going on and why we used various different lighting and various different shots.

In the first picture we were sorting out and organizing the lighting for the upcoming shot. We had to adjust the lighting to make our opening sequence as effective as possible. We put a blue sheet over the bright light to make a more dramatic and ghost like atmosphere.

In the second photo we were setting up the camera on tracking this was effective as we shot our actress walking down the stairs, the tracking kept the camera extremely steady which concluded with an effect of realism.

The third picture is a image of me filming the actress making sure the camera was in the perfect position to film the shot.










.The shooting day began in the early hours of the morning. We planned our thrillers weeks before the shoot. we constructed a story board in preparation of our thriller we had a props and costume list, shot list , we planned our location in a group meeting, decided our roles that included a producer, director, cinematographer and a sound engineer.

I thought the shooting of our thriller went extremely well although poor circumstances arose. The weather was a little difficult and we found ourselves shooting in a snow storm thus making a little improvisation key. However the group worked well as a whole and we all switched roles, enabling us to experience every job, strengthening our media skills. We where each given individual roles to play which we mostly stuck with accept for the occasional swap of jobs enabling us to have a taste of every job. The actor’s role became a little repetitive; if I could I would add in more action for the actor to make the sequence a little more interesting and dramatic.

I was in charge of writing the shot list, which meant I had to write down in order every shot we took and how many takes we took for each individual shot. In our thriller we used various different shots such as tracking shots, medium shots and close ups. we mainly used these shots because our actress was a ghost and indoors she would not be wearing any shoes, it was snowing outside and we were due to shoot outside therefore to keep the reality and continuity we could not have her feet in view which meant shot choice was limited. The close ups signified our actress showing her level of importance in the sequence. The tracking shots where extremely affected although the track would sometimes move out of place if a person accidentally moved it therefore to keep the continuity we would always have to ensure the track was in place and never moved. One of the most enjoyable parts of the day was shooting in the snow, we covered the camera with umbrellas to ensure the equipment did not get wet, it was highly amusing.

We chose our location to be inside and outside. The snow was coming down heavily outside and the effect of this increased reality as our actress just wore a dress therefore suggesting she has inhumane powers like a ghost as humans would normally go outside in freezing snowy conditions barely wearing any clothes. The location we picked inside consisted of a dorm room ,corridors and a staircase which worked well however the set was a little to modern which made it a little less effective then we had hoped. However the group chose the locations well and worked as hard as possible with the locations we used to increase realism and drama to ensure the sequence was highly effective

Main task production

My original prelim task was extremely basic in comparison to my thriller opening sequence.
In the prelim task we were allocated one room for our location whereas in the thriller sequence our location varied from outside to inside and various different shots around our school campus were taken therefore I learnt how to set up the camera quickly and adapt from location to location.
In the prelim task I had a small role that only lasted for an hour as director whereas in the filming of the sequence I played the role as director and producer as my group switched roles to ensure we all got a taste of the various different jobs that are needed for a making of a film. The thriller required a lot more hard hands on work whereas the prelim task did not.
The lighting in the prelim task was very basic it consisted of one bright light to sharpen up the room whereas the lighting in the thriller changed with each shot. We used blue sheets to create a cold, blue ghost like effect, natural sunlight, various orangey, red lights for the inside shots
In the prelim task we were given a structured storyboard and told what to do whereas in the thriller sequence we were made to create our own story board and plan our shooting day completely on our own with no assistance.
The actual filming was completely different between both tasks. The prelim task was only one hour, whereas the thriller took nine hours and we used tracking gin our thriller and used various different shots.

My media skills have developed as I now have a more sophisticated understanding of the editing process. Our sequence has developed its own style which consists of slow cuts which involve plenty of fading to ease from world to world, the ghost world and real world, our main theme. We created a restricted narrative where the close shots draw the audience in without revealing too much we also blended a few quick cuts to surprise the audience. Opposed to a fast paced action sequence with fast cuts between two situations.
We started the editing process with logging our shots into a log bin we had two separate log bins one for the real world shots and the other for the ghost world shots. We then lay out our ghost world shots on the timeline. However we could not do the same immediately with our real world shots due to weather conditions, we had to wait for a sunny day to take all the real world shots and this comes up rarely in England. Eventually we lay down our real world shots on the timeline. We then edited our shots in together getting the right style and pace. The pace was normal and our style was very ghostly and fantasized we created the feel of ghostly fantasized world through our editing.

The music and sound that we used was diegetic and non diegetic sound. We found our music from sound track pro and edited to make our thriller unique and interesting. The music fits in with our thriller perfectly and creates a ghostly cold and scary effect through various different tones. We used no ambient sound from the shoot day. We used birds tweeting and blasts of wind to enhance realism this was part of our diegetic sound we also used a drone as non diegetic sound. We researched other horror films and many contained the drone sound in their soundtrack. It creates tension and builds up thrill. The music makes the audience feel scared yet excited. The careful placing of the right music has lead the audience in the direction we wanted them to go we want them to feel thrill and terror and the music successfully enhances this.

We have used titles and graphics in our sequence our sequence starts with a distributor followed by a production company our following titles are inkeeping within the mood of the production we have the same font style throughout our sequence.

Thursday, 25 March 2010

Task 1:In ways does your media product, use develop or challenge forms and conventions of real media products?

“In what ways does your media product use, develop or challenge forms and conventions of real media products”

Our media product shares many similar qualities of a normal horror opening sequence however our media product also challenges forms and conventions of real media products.

Like in other horror films our opening sequence reveals the genre of the film which is a thriller. We reveal the genre of our opening sequence through our actresses hair make up, dress and overall persona. Furthermore we reveal the genre through the lighting and sound. Which relates to the film the Ring 2 as in the Ring 2s opening sequence darkness and scary music is revealed to show the audience that the film is going to be a horror and thriller.


This shot was taken to represent the real world its contrasting the ghost world creating thrill and suspense it challenges forms of real media products.


This shot is an example of where we used titles its is allocated at the right time as the actor, ted jackson appears in the corner of this shot. which creates realism as it uses conventions of real media products.



our opening sequence challenges audience expectations as it creates a huge tension as the audience are drawn into the thriller as there are two worlds the ghost world is filmed outside in the snow and the real world is filmed on a Sunday the contrast is extremely effective as it draws in the audience and challenges forms of real media products.




We also use titles in our opening sequence which adds a sense of realism as nearly all films use titles in the opening sequence. We use a title for our actors and actresses we use titles for the producer and director of the film and we title the production company which enhances realism as many other films use titles. The font of our titles also link to the genre of our film and the titles are edited into the opening sequence at appropriate times which upholds forms of real media conventions










This shot is effective as it showed how powerful our actress was as she cuts of all electrical power when electricity meets her presents. The shot creates thrill and suspense




Task 2: How does your product represent particular social groups?


This is a picture of the boarding school we filmed in.

Our product represents various different social groups. It represents middle age men as we have a working middle age man as an actor in our thriller. Our thriller targets mainly young teenage boys who are in school as our opening sequence is filmed in a traditional boarding school therefore our thriller targets people who go to school and especially people in boarding schools. The actress who is playing the ghost is young and pretty wearing a small dress and therefore she would appeal to teenage boys. Generally horror and thriller films appeal and are targeted at teenage boys as it seems to increase and show others of their masculinity and strength as stereotypically teenage girls are to scared and weak to watch horror or thrillers therefore they stick with romantic films. However some teenage girls would appeal to our opening sequence as it creates a thrill and tension.
Our horror film represents an upper middle class social group as it is filmed in a boarding school. Another horror film called “the boarding school of horrors” also targets the same audience as our film we saw how effective that film was and decided that a boarding school is a perfect place to film our opening sequence. Our film involves a number of shots that are thrilling and it is aimed to bring a young audience into the cinema because the majority of teenagers are interested in thrill.

Task 3:What kind of media institution might distribute your media product and why?




An institution is an organization that provides media content and supply the content to the industries. There are many different film industries through out the world such as; paramount picture, Sony, 21st century .I would put my thriller into a institution in the Hollywood film industry, this way I would have more budgeting for my film and it would have a higher chance of becoming a success. I would choose first century fox because it is extremely well known and is a well established company therefore my film would have a good reputation. First century fox have the financial fund to budget and support my film and they will progress my film into success. The third reason for me choosing first century fox is because they have participated in the making of very well known films with the genre of a horror. However as I am not famous and have not had the experience as many other film producers I may have to look at other film industry such as fox searchlight or lionsgate which are low budget institutions as they have produced many thrillers that have still succeeded even though its on a low budget such as saw vi, Gamer and breathers.

Task 4:Who would be the audience for your media product?



This is my ideal target audience member.

Just from the photo you can see that this boy is a typical teenage boy in the 21st century we can see this from his clothes and style. He is the sort of person I would want to watch this film as he is a young teenage boy from a good background and goes to a boarding school. He is well educated. All these factors are included in my target audience. He as all the experiences I need him to have to sell my film to him as he attends a traditional boarding school. He is young trendy and is the sort of person that would appeal to my thriller.I would probably advertise my film on facebook or put up an advert just before a holloaks programme as from his style and fashion i can see his is modernised and his music is very mainstream i know he has facebook and therefore he can appeal to my film and show his friends who are like him the advertising of my film through various facebook applications.